Hyperaldosteronism, familial, type III

This form of hyperaldosteronism is characterized by hypertension secondary to massive adrenal mineralocorticoid production. Like patients with glucocorticoid-remediable aldosteronism (GRA, or FH I; {103900}), patients with FH III present with childhood hypertension, elevated aldosteronism levels, and high levels of the hybrid steroids 18-oxocortisol and 18-hydroxycortisol. However, hypertension and aldosteronism in FH III are not reversed by administration of exogenous glucocorticoids and patients require adrenalectomy to control hypertension ({4:Geller et al., 2008}). Reviews {7:Mulatero et al. (2013)} reviewed the role of KCNJ5 in adrenal pathophysiology and provided an overview of the clinical and biochemical phenotypes resulting from KCNJ5 mutations in patients with sporadic and familial primary aldosteronism. The authors stated that the prevalence of FH III appeared to be 7% of patients with familial aldosteronism and 0.3% of all cases of primary hyperaldosteronism. In addition, they noted that the total prevalence of reported KCNJ5 mutations in aldosterone-producing adrenal adenomas (APAs) was 40%.

Source: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man